Method publish

/**
 * Method to set the publishing state for a row or list of rows in the database table.
 *
 * The method respects checked out rows by other users and will attempt to checkin rows that it can after adjustments are made.
 *
 * @param   mixed    $pks     An optional array of primary key values to update. If not set the instance property value is used.
 * @param   integer  $state   The publishing state. eg. [0 = unpublished, 1 = published]
 * @param   integer  $userId  The user ID of the user performing the operation.
 *
 * @return  boolean  True on success; false if $pks is empty.
 *
 * @since   1.7.0
 */
public function publish($pks = null, $state = 1, $userId = 0)
{
    // Sanitize input
    $userId = (int) $userId;
    $state = (int) $state;
    // Pre-processing by observers
    $event = AbstractEvent::create('onTableBeforePublish', ['subject' => $this, 'pks' => $pks, 'state' => $state, 'userId' => $userId]);
    $this->getDispatcher()->dispatch('onTableBeforePublish', $event);
    if (!\is_null($pks)) {
        if (!\is_array($pks)) {
            $pks = array($pks);
        }
        foreach ($pks as $key => $pk) {
            if (!\is_array($pk)) {
                $pks[$key] = array($this->_tbl_key => $pk);
            }
        }
    }
    // If there are no primary keys set check to see if the instance key is set.
    if (empty($pks)) {
        $pk = array();
        foreach ($this->_tbl_keys as $key) {
            if ($this->{$key}) {
                $pk[$key] = $this->{$key};
            } else {
                $this->setError(Text::_('JLIB_DATABASE_ERROR_NO_ROWS_SELECTED'));
                return false;
            }
        }
        $pks = array($pk);
    }
    $publishedField = $this->getColumnAlias('published');
    $checkedOutField = $this->getColumnAlias('checked_out');
    foreach ($pks as $pk) {
        // Update the publishing state for rows with the given primary keys.
        $query = $this->_db->getQuery(true)->update($this->_tbl)->set($this->_db->quoteName($publishedField) . ' = ' . (int) $state);
        // If publishing, set published date/time if not previously set
        if ($state && $this->hasField('publish_up') && (int) $this->publish_up == 0) {
            $nowDate = $this->_db->quote(Factory::getDate()->toSql());
            $query->set($this->_db->quoteName($this->getColumnAlias('publish_up')) . ' = ' . $nowDate);
        }
        // Determine if there is checkin support for the table.
        if ($this->hasField('checked_out') || $this->hasField('checked_out_time')) {
            $query->where('(' . $this->_db->quoteName($checkedOutField) . ' = 0' . ' OR ' . $this->_db->quoteName($checkedOutField) . ' = ' . (int) $userId . ' OR ' . $this->_db->quoteName($checkedOutField) . ' IS NULL' . ')');
            $checkin = true;
        } else {
            $checkin = false;
        }
        // Build the WHERE clause for the primary keys.
        $this->appendPrimaryKeys($query, $pk);
        $this->_db->setQuery($query);
        try {
            $this->_db->execute();
        } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
            $this->setError($e->getMessage());
            return false;
        }
        // If checkin is supported and all rows were adjusted, check them in.
        if ($checkin && \count($pks) == $this->_db->getAffectedRows()) {
            $this->checkIn($pk);
        }
        // If the Table instance value is in the list of primary keys that were set, set the instance.
        $ours = true;
        foreach ($this->_tbl_keys as $key) {
            if ($this->{$key} != $pk[$key]) {
                $ours = false;
            }
        }
        if ($ours) {
            $this->{$publishedField} = $state;
        }
    }
    $this->setError('');
    // Pre-processing by observers
    $event = AbstractEvent::create('onTableAfterPublish', ['subject' => $this, 'pks' => $pks, 'state' => $state, 'userId' => $userId]);
    $this->getDispatcher()->dispatch('onTableAfterPublish', $event);
    return true;
}